What is the process called that regulates the passage of solutes through biological membranes?

The process that regulates the passage of solutes through biological membranes is known as membrane transport. This is a broad term that encompasses various mechanisms by which substances move across cellular membranes. This can include passive transport methods, such as diffusion and osmosis, where substances move along their concentration gradient without the need for energy. It also includes active transport, which requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Membrane transport is crucial for maintaining homeostasis within cells, allowing them to control the internal environment and ensure the movement of necessary nutrients and waste products. This regulatory aspect is what sets membrane transport apart, as it encompasses both passive and active mechanisms and emphasizes the overall control of solute movement across cell membranes.