What is replication in the context of DNA?

Replication in the context of DNA refers to the process of copying a DNA molecule to produce two identical DNA molecules. This is a crucial step in the cell cycle, particularly during cell division, where genetic material needs to be duplicated to ensure that each new cell receives an exact copy of the DNA.

During DNA replication, enzymes like DNA polymerase play essential roles in unwinding the double helix and synthesizing new strands complementary to the original strands. This process ensures the fidelity and integrity of genetic information as it is passed on to the next generation of cells.

Other options do not pertain to the replication of DNA: translating RNA into proteins is part of the process of gene expression (translation), synthesizing new amino acids relates to protein synthesis, and the formation of a new cell wall is associated with cell division in prokaryotes or plants, but it is not specifically about DNA replication.